Plantar fasciitis: Fræðsla fyrir ungmenni og aðstandendur

Patient education

September 17, 2025 · 5 min read

Hvað er plantar fasciitis?

Plantar fasciitis veldur verk undir il eða hæl. Það gerist þegar plantar fascia, þykkur strengur úr bandvef sem liggur frá hæl og fram í tær, verður fyrir of miklu álagi. Þá myndast örrifur og ferli sem veikja og þykkja vefinn.

Einkenni plantar fasciitis

Verknum er oft lýst sem hvass eða stingandi og er verstur á morgnana eða eftir að hafa setið eða staðið lengi. Hann getur líka komið eftir göngu eða hlaup. Verkurinn er algengastur við hælinn en getur einnig legið lengra fram undir ilina.

Hjá sumum minnkar verkurinn við hreyfingu en eykst aftur í hvíld. Aðrir finna fyrir verk sem smám saman magnast við álag. Ef þú finnur fyrir þessum einkennum er líklegt að um plantar fasciitis sé að ræða.

Hvað veldur plantar fasciitis?

Orsakir plantar fasciitis eru ekki alveg skýrar. Nafnið bendir til þess að það sé bólga í sininni, en rannsóknir sýna að bólga er ekki aðalorsökin. Talið er að ástandið stafi fyrst og fremst af of miklu álagi sem veldur örrifum og þykknun í bandvefnum.

Áhættuþættir

Þættir sem geta aukið líkur á plantar fasciitis eru m.a.:

Hár líkamsþyngdarstuðul (BMI)
Snögg aukning í hreyfingu (t.d. ganga eða hlaup)
Mikill tími á fótum
Stuttir kálfavöðvar
Flatfótur

Meðferð plantar fasciitis

Sem betur fer er hægt að meðhöndla plantar fasciitis í flestum tilvikum með íhaldsríkri meðferð. Samblanda af æfingum og álagsstjórnun hefur reynst best.

Íhaldsrík meðferð

Æfingar
Álagsstjórnun
Teiping
Innlegg (orthoses)
Næturspelkur
Nudd

Ífarandi meðferð

Hljóðbylgjumeðferð (shockwave)
Sterasprautur
Skurðaðgerð

Mundu að skurðaðgerð á alltaf að vera síðasta úrræði og aðeins íhuguð þegar öll önnur meðferðarúrræði hafa verið reynd.

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